9. AGRICULTURE

01.ap-GEOGRAPHY

#space/ap-geography/agriculture

• Andhra Pradesh is primarily an agricultural based state. The chief Occupation of the population is agriculture. Andhra Pradesh is also called as the {{Granary}} of southern India.

• About {{62}}% of the people in the state still living, directly or Indirectly depends on the Agricultural sector. The share of Agriculture sector of GVA at current prices 2022-23 is {{35.47}}%. - Out of these... a) Agriculture - 14.63% i) crops - 4.46% ii) Horticulture - 10.17% b) Livestock - 11.60% c) Fisheries & Aqua culture - 9.15% d) Forest & Timber products - 0.80%

• The district in the state having --highest cultivable area of land-- in the state is {{Anantapur**cue-anantha maina bhumi}} (1040 Thousand hectares) followed by {{Kurnool }} (909 Thousand Hectares). Where as the district having -least cultivable area- of land is {{Srikakulam}} followed by {{Vijayanagaram}} (As per combined districts)

LAND UTILISATION IN ANDHRA PRADESH (2021-22)

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• CATEGORY - AREA (Lakh Hectares) - PERCENTAGES
• 1. Total Geographical Area - 162.97 - 100
• 2. Forest - 36.88 - 22.63
• 3. Barren and Uncutivable Land - 13.35 - 8.19
• 4. Land Put to Non-Agri Uses - 20.82 - 12.78
• 5. Culturable waste - 4.02 - 2.47
• 6. Permanent Pastures & Other Grazing Lands - 2.04 - 1.25
• 7. Land under Misc. Tree crops, Groves not included in Net Area Sown - 1.54 - 0.94
• 8. Other Fallow Lands - 8.94 - 5.49
• 9. Current Fallow Lands - 15.00 - 9.20
• 10. Net Area Sown (including Fish Culture) - 60.38 - 37.05

Fact file of A.P Agriculture sector

1. Total Number of Land holding extent (2015-16) - {{85.24}} lakh hectares

2. Average land holding capacity (2015-16) - 0.94 hectare.

3. District having highest Average land holding capacity - {{Anantapur}} ({{1.63}} hectares)

4. District having lowest Average land holding capacity - {{Srikakulam (0.51}} h)

5. Total grass cultivable land area -{{41.54}} lakh hectares

6. Total grass irrigated land area (2021-22) - {{38.44}} lakh hectares

7. Total net irrigated land area -{{29.52}} lakh hectares

8. Total food grain production in 2022-23 - {{169.30}} lakh tonnes

8. GVA of agriculture sector in 2021-22 - {{36.19}}%

9. Total crop intensity in 2021-22 - {{1.23}}

10. AP stands at {{11}}th place in land holding capacity in the country.cue la la land -la la ,- ll -11 th

Agro - climatic zones in A.P

• Based on Soil fertility, Rainfall distribution A.P has been divided into {{6}} agro climatic zones

1. Krishna Agro-climatic zone
   ?
   • Krishna, NTR, Guntur, Bapatla, Palnadu and Prakasam region come under this zone. It's regional agricultural research centre is in Lam, Guntur district.

2. Godavari Agro-climatic zone:
   ?

• East & West Godavari, Kakinada, Konaseema, Eluru districts come under this zone.

1. North coastal Agro-climatic region :
   ?
   • Vizianagaram, Srikakulam, Visakhapatnam, Anakapalli districts come under this zone it's regional agricultural research centre's is located in Anakapalli

2. Southern Agro-climatic zone:
   ?

• Nellore, Chittoor, Kadapa, Tirupathi, Annamayya districts comes under this zone. It's regional agricultural centre is located in Tirupati.

1. Low rainfall Agro-climatic zone :
   ?

• Kurnool, Nandyala, Anantapur, Satyasai districts come under this zone. Its regional agricultural research centre is located in Nandyala.

3. High altitude Tribal zone :
   ?
   • Parvathipuram manyam and alluri seetharama raju districts come under this zone, It's regional agricultural research centre is located in Chintapalle.

Details of Production and productivity of various Agricultural crops in the state (2021) :

1) FOOD CROPS

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a) cereals

1. Paddy
   ?

• Production
  • 1. WestGoadavari
  • 2. East Godavari
• Productivity
  • 1. Nellore
  • 2. West Godavari

2. Wheat
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Anantapur
  • 2. Kurnool
• Productivity
  • 1. Anantapur
  • 2. Kurnool
• ** cue wheat - atta- calories

b) Millets

1. Maize
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Guntur
  • 2). west godavari
• Productivity
  • 1. Kadapa
  • 2. East Godavari

3. Jowar
   ?

• Production
  • guntur
  • kurnool
    Cue eat jowar increase gk
• Productivity
  • guntur
  • nellore

1. Bajra
   ?

• Production
  • prakasam
  • kadapa
• Productivity
  • nellore
  • chittoor

4. Ragi
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Visakhapatnam
  • 6. Chittoor
• Productivity
  • 1. Kadapa
  • 2. Ananthapur

c) Pulses

1. Bengal Grams
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Kurnool
  • 2. Prakasam
• Productivity
  • 1. East Godavari
  • 2. Prakasam
       **Cue kp Ep

2. Red Grams
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Kurnool
  • 2. Prakasam
• Productivity
  • 1. Guntur
  • 2. West Godvari

3. Green Grams
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Guntur
  • 1. Srikakulam
• Productivity
  • 1. West Godavari
  • 2. Guntur

4. Black Grams
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Krishna
  • 2. Guntur
• Productivity
  • 1. Kurnool
  • 2. Guntur

2. COMMERCIAL CROPS

3. Sugar cane
   ?

• Production
  • vishakapatnam
  • chittoor
• Productivity
  • kurnool
  • guntur

1. Cotton
   ?

• Production
  • kurnool
  • guntur
• Productivity
  • guntur
  • west godavari
• **cue - cotton measures in kgs **

1. Tobacco
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Prakasam
  • west godavari
• Productivity
  • krishna
  • prakasam

1. Turmeric
   ?

• Production,
• productivity
  • 1. Guntur

5. Jute
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Vijayanagaram
  • srikakulam
• Productivity
  • 1. Vijayanagaram
  • east godavari

6. Chillies
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Vijyanagaram
• Productivity
  • P.Manyam, Anakapalli, Kakinada, Eluru, Krishna, NTR, Guntur, Bapatla, Palnadu, Prakasam, Kadapa, Anathapuram, Tirupati, Satyasai

1. Onion
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Kadapa
  • 2. srikakulam
• Productivity
  • 1. Prakasam

3) OIL SEEDS

1. Ground Nut
   ?

• Production
  • ananthapur
  • Kurnool
• Productivity
  • Guntur
  • West Godavari

2. Cashew
   ?

• Production
  • Vishakapatnam
  • srikakulam
• Productivity
  • Nellore
  • Prakasam

1. Sesame seeds (Gingelly)
   ?

• Production
  • Vijayanagarm
  • Prakasam
• Productivity
  • Kadapa
  • Kurnool

1. Sun flower
   ?

• Production
  • Kadapa
  • Kurnool
• Productivity
  • Kadapa
  • Kurnool
• cue-kadapa people turn whichever party is in power like sunflower. Kurnool people have patience because they eat sunflower seeds

5. Castor
   ?

• Production
  • anantapur
  • Kurnool
• Productivity
  • guntur
  • east godavari

1. Oil palm
   ?

• Production
  • west godavari
• Productivity
  • west godavari
  • konseema
  • eluru
  • east godavari

4) HORTICULTURAL CROPS (GROWTH ENGINE CROPS)

(As per 2022-23 Economic survey of AP)

1. Mango
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Chittoor
• Productivity -
  • 15t Kurnool, Anakapalli, Kakinada, konaseema, Eluru, NTR, Nandyala, Tirupathi, Annamayya, Ananthapur, Satyasai

2. Banana
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Kadapa
  • 1. Anantapuram
• Productivity -
  • 1s Alluri, P.Manyam, Anakapalli, Kakinada, Konaseema, NTR, Kurnool, Nandyala, Satyasai, YSR, Annamayya

3. Pappaya
   ?

• Production
  • Kadapa
• Productivity
  • 1st P.Manyam, Alluri, Anakapalli, Kakinada, NTR, Bapatla, Nellore

4. Nimbu
   ?

• Production
  • 1. Nellore
  • 1. Kadapa

5. Coconut
   ?

• Production
  • East Godavari
• Productivity
  • 1. Kadapa
  • 1. Visaka

6. Sweet Orange
   ?

• Production
  • Ananthapur
• Productivity
  • 1st, Alluri
  • 1. Kadapa, Krsihna

Note :

• As per 2022-23 Economic survey the productivity of different horticultural crops AP Stands {{1}}st place in the country...Oilpalm, Pappaya, Nimbo, Cocova, Tamoto, Coconut, Chilles and fruits AP Stands {{2}}nd place in the country.. Cashew nut, Mango, Turmeric, Sweet orange and Micro irrigation.

• As per 2022-23 Economic survey AP Stand {{2}}nd position next to Karnataka in regard to silkwarm rearing in the country. Regarding to A.P {{Anathapur}} stands at first position (Now Satyasai stands at first position) followed by Chittoor.

• As per 2022-23 Economic survey AP Stands at {{1}}st position in Egg production and {{2}}nd position regarding to meet production and it stand at {{5}}th position regarding to milk production.

• A.P. is the only state in the country to declare {{MSP}} for the crops of banana, Turmeric, Onion, Sweet orange and chillies even government of India has not declare MSP for this crops.

• In 2022-23 A.P Stands at {{1}}st position in the country regarding to export of the Banana

Live stock population in A.P

• Cattle has a special place in the economy of our state. Important among them are buffaloes, Cows, Bullocks, Sheep, Goats and Pigs, milk, curd, ghee and other food products are given by them and bullocks are useful in ploughing and goods transport through carts organic manure/ fertiliser, wool and leather is also taken from them, though there is a lot of technological development, Cattle power still continues to play a key role in our society.

• As per 20- livestock census report the composition of livestock population in the state GSDP is {{8.6}}%

• As per the latest livestock census, 2019 (provisional). The details of the livestock population of A.P has given below.

• Note: As per 2022-23 economic survey of A.P the share of live stock consisting {{11.60}}% of state GVA.

The districts having highest number of live stock varieties ...

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1. Cattle - Chittoor (9,50,062), Visaka (6,48,743)
2. Buffaloes - Prakasam (9,26,651), Guntur (8,82,347)
3. Sheeps - Anantapur (49,26,547), Prakasam (20,33,479)
4. Goats - Anantapur (8,84,186), Kurnool (6,10,574)
5. Pigs - East godavari (18,646), Anantapuram (12,767).
6. Poultry - East Godavari(2,80,62,968), West Godavari (1,82,54,471)

• As per the latest live stock census 2019. The livestock resources in the state consist of {{340.67}} lakhs.

- A.P stands in the country regarding to 20th livestock census of 2019

• 1st position
  ?
• Egg production

• 2nd position
  ?
• sheep & Poultry

• 4th position
  ?
• Meat production (2d postion in 2020-21)
• Milk production (5th postion in 2020-21)

• 6th position - livestock population in the country.
  ?
• buffaloe population

• goat population stands at which position
  ?
• 11th population wise

• 14th position
  ?
• Cattle population

• District stands at 1- position in milk production
  ?
• Chittoor followed by Krishna.

• District stands at 1st position in meat production
  ?
• Krishna (96.13 Metric tonnes),
• Chittoor (95.13 Metric tonnes).
• cue- where money is more 🍖 meat is more

• District stands at 1st position in egg production
  ?
• East Godavari
• egg with e and east godavari with e

• As per 20- livestock census A.P stands at {{15}} position in eggs production, {{4}}" position in meat & milk production and {{2}}nd position in poultry & Sheep production in the country.

• {{Sunandini}} is implementing in the state under the Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana programme in order to increase the yielding levels of milk and milch cattle population.

• The district stands at last position in cattle population in the state - {{Prakasam}} (68,309)

• Vanaraja poultry research centre in the state located at {{Utukur in Kadapa}}

• The headquarters of animal husbandary research centre located in {{Vijayawada}}.

• District stands at 1st position in poultry production
  ?
• East Godavari followed by West Godavari.

• District stands at 1st position in silk warm cocoon production
  ?
• Chittoor followed by Anantapur

• District stands at 1st position in raw silk production
  ?
• Chittoor followed by Anantapur

• The leading district having largest number of seri culture farmers in the State
  ?
• Chittoor followed by Anantapur

• District stands at 1st position in Cattle population
  ?
• Chittoor followed by Visaka.

• District stands at 1s position in Forest products production
  ?
• Chittoor & Vijayanagaram stands at last position.

• Note : As per 2022-23 Economic survey of A.P, AP Stands at {{2}}d position in meet & Sheep production, {{7}} position in Goat production, 1st position in Egg production and {{5 **cue milk can be given upto 5 years}}t position in milk production.

Cattle research institutes of India

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1. IVRI (Indian Veternary Research Institute) - Izzat nagar (U.P)
2. CIRC (Central Cattle Research Institute) - Ranchi
3. CIRB (Central Buffalo Research Institute) - Hissar (Haryana)
4. CIRG (Central Goat Research Institute) - Makhdoom (U.P)
5. Central Sheep & Wool Research Institute - Avika Nagar (Rajasthan)
6. Central Pig Research Institute - Guwahati (Assam)

Fisheries

• As per 2022-23 economic survey of A.P, Fisheries and Aqua culture consisting {{9.15}}% in total agricultural GVA of the state.

• AP stands at {{1}}st position in the production of Fish and prawn

• {{West Godavari}} stands 1st position in Aqua culture in the state followed by {{Eluru}}.

• The district stands at 1st position in marine fish production
  ?
• 1. Anakapalli
• 2. Visakha

• The district stands at 1st position in Freshwater fish production
  ?
• 1st Eluru,
• 2nd West Godavari,
• 3rd Krishna

The important programmes implementing by

A.P Government for Agricultural development

YSR Rythu Barosa

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• It started 15 October, 2019, to provide investment assistance to farmers. Under this scheme, the government will provide farmers with an investment of Rs. 13,500 per annum (Including 6,000 from PM KISAN). Implemented from Rabi this year.
• Special cards are issued for the period of 11 months to assist the tenant farmers under this scheme.
• The government will pay the crop insurance premium on behalf of the farmers and provide YSR interest free loans.
• Farmers will be provided with free bores and nine hours of Free electricity during the day.
• If farmers die who are in agrarian crisis, they will have to pay Rs 7 lakh ex-gratia under YSR insurance scheme. Farmers who partake of dairies in the co-operative sector will be paid an additional four rupees per liter.

• Interest-free loans:: Farmers Bank Rs. The interest payable by the crop loan is paid by the state government.

• YSR Farmer Insurance Scheme:: If the farmer commits suicide due to debt, the government provides Rs 7 lakh compensation to help the family. The amount will be levied against the law without allowing borrowers to borrow it. Suicide between 2014-19 Compensation will be given to those who do not deserve compensation.

• Free crop insurance :: Free insurance for all cultivable crops. The government pays the share the farmer pays.

• Price Stabilization Fund:: When the prices of crops are not supported, the government will buy into the field.

• Nine hours of free electricity:: Nine hours of power supply to the farmers during the day

• New law for tenant farmers:: Tenure farmer law is going to bring about massive changes in government subsidies and assistance to tenant farm-ers. - The Government has made it clear that the agreement will only be implemented for a period of 11 months between land owner and tenant farmer without compromising on land ownership rights.

• Large scale natural farming:: Increased use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and increasing residues in food crops. To avoid these side ef-fects, the government will implement an investment-free natural farming scheme to cultivate healthy foods with minimal investment.

• Machinery for Farmer Associations:
  ?
• 2.5 KW of farm power is needed in Hectare land in the state... Currently only 1.72 KW is available. In order to increase mechanization, it has decided to set up custom hiring centers to identify farmers groups. All the farm machinery equipment needed by the farmers is available.

• Integrated Testing Labs:
  ?
• Integrated Test Lab will be set up in each constituency to prevent adulteration of fertilizers, pesticides and seeds. Products are given to farmers only after they have completed the tests. The Government has entered into a Memorandum of Understanding with suppliers to supply quality seeds, fertilizers and pesticides to farmers. Wherever there is a mistake, the farmer takes the credentials out of the companies before they are liable.

• Another 10 lakh tonnes of warehouses:
  ?
• The government has pledged to build 10 lakh tonnes of warehouses for the storage of crop products in the state. For this, under the Godowns Infrastructure Fund, Rs. 200 crore. Rs.
  37 crores is going to be given. Plans to set up 100 new farmer bazaars.

• Yellow Seed on 50% discount:
  ?
• The yellow-gram seed program through the Horticulture Department has been planned to provide farmer-subsi-dized varieties of curcumin. Farmers will also be rewarded with a high yielding glory and flood wave, released under the aegis of Indian Institute of Sciences Research, Kerala. 100 new farmer production associations

Important points at glance

• The state stood in 2nd position in the implementation of {{micro}} irrigation at national level.

• A.P is the largest producer of {{fruit}}'s in the country.

• A.P is the 2nd largest producer of {{silk}} in India next to Karnataka

• AP popularly called as {{fruit}} bowl of south India.

• As per 2022-23 Economic survey the productivity of different horticultural crops AP Stands {{1}}st place in the country... Oilpalm, Pappaya, Nimbo, Cocova, Tamoto, Coconut, Chilles and fruits

• AP Stands 2nd place in the country.. Cashew nut, Mango, Turmeric, Sweet orange and Micro irrigation.

• As per 2022-23 Economic survey AP Stand {{2}}nd position next to Karnataka in regard to silkwarm rearing in the country. Regarding to A.P {{Anathapur}} stands at first position (Now Satyasai stands at first position) followed by Chittoor.

• As per 2022-23 Economic survey AP Stands at 1st position in {{Egg}} production and {{2}}nd position regarding to meet production and it stand at 5th position regarding to milk production.

• A.P. is the only state in the country to declare MSP for the crops of banana, Turmeric, Onion, Sweet orange and chillies even government of India has not declare MSP for this crops.

• In 2022-23 A.P Stands at {{1}}st position in the country regarding to export of the Banana

for spaced repetition

The share of Agriculture sector of GVA at current prices 2022-23 is 35.47%.

• Out of these...
  ?
• a) Agriculture - 14.63%
  • i) crops - 4.46%
  • ii) Horticulture - 10.17%
• b) Livestock - 11.60%
• c) Fisheries & Aqua culture - 9.15%
• d) Forest & Timber products - 0.80%

As per 2022-23 Economic survey the productivity of different horticultural crops AP Stands 1st place in the country...
?

• Oilpalm,
• Pappaya,
• Nimbo,
• Cocova,
• Tamoto,
• Coconut,
• Chilles and
• fruits

• AP Stands 2 nd place in the country..
  ?
• Cashew nut,
• Mango,
• Turmeric,
• Sweet orange and
• Micro irrigation.

1. Cattle - highest number :: Chittoor (9,50,062), Visaka (6,48,743)

2. Buffaloes - highest number :: Prakasam (9,26,651), Guntur (8,82,347)

3. Sheeps -highest number :: Anantapur (49,26,547), Prakasam (20,33,479)

4. Goats -highest number :: Anantapur (8,84,186), Kurnool (6,10,574)

5. Pigs - highest number :: East godavari (18,646), Anantapuram (12,767).

6. Poultry - highest number :: East Godavari(2,80,62,968), West Godavari (1,82,54,471)